Costing of Shirts

Costing includes all the activities like purchase of fabrics and accessories, processing and finishing of fabrics, sewing and packing of garments, transport and conveyance, shipping, over heads, banking charges and commissions, etc.We must be aware that there are always fluctuations in the costs of raw materials and accessories,charges of knitting, processing, finishing, sewing and packing, charges of transport and conveyance.The method of making costing will vary from style to style. As there are many different styles in garments. Hence let us take men's basic T-shirt style as example which is in regular use.We have used Indian Rupees as the currency.To find out the costing of a garment, the following things should things be calcuated:

1. Fabric consumption.
2. Gross weight of other components of garment.
3. Fabric cost per kg.
4. Fabric cost per garment.
5. Other charges (print, embroidery, etc).
6. Cost of trims (labels, tags, badges, twill tapes, buttons, bows, etc).
7. CMT charges.
8. Cost of accessories (hangers, inner boards, polybags, cartons, etc).
9. Cost of a garment.
10. Price of a garment.

The garments manufactured in many sizes to fit for everybody. Generally they are in sizes Small (S),Medium (M), Large (L), Extra large (XL) and Double Extra Large (XXL). The quantity ratio or assortment can be any one of the following approximate ratio.
S: M: L: XL: XXL - 1:2:2:2:1
S: M: L: XL: XXL - 1:2:1:2:1
S: M: L: XL: XXL - 1:2:3:2:2
As the price is the same for all these sizes of garments, let's take the centre size large(L)for average calculation. Generally, the quantity of L size will be higher or equal to the quantity of each of other sizes.

Men's Basic T-shirtDescription:
Men's Basic T-shirt-short sleeves- 100% Cotton 140 GSM Single jersey - 1 x 1 ribs at neck - solid dyed - light, medium and dark colours in equal ratio.Sizes: S, M, L, XL, XXL Ratio: 1: 2: 2: 2: 1.

Export carton: 7 ply -120 GSM virgin corrugated - sea worthy. Cartons are to be strapped with 2 nylon straps.
Measurements in cm: (Finished garment)
Size: L
Chest - 60 cm
Length - 78 cm
Sleeve length - 24 cm
Neck rib width - 3 cm Hem - 3 cm
Patterns are generally made with the seam allowance and cutting allowance. Generally, 12 cm is added with the total of body length and sleeve length.
That is,

Fabric consumption

Body & Sleeves : 187 grams
Neck rib : 10 grams (approximately)
Gross weight : 197 grams
Therefore, the fabric consumption per garment is 197 grams.Gross weight & net weight.The above weight is the gross weight of fabric. It means the weight of the fabric bits cut in tabular form without taking shapes is called gross weight. This is the consumed fabric for the particular garment. Hence costing is to be made as per this gross weight. The weight of the cut pieces after taking the shape according to the pattern is called net weight of fabric.Fabric cost per kg (in Rs) (all charges approximately)

Cost of trims
The accessories which are attached to the garments are called Trims. Let's take Men's Basic T-shirts, as example.
Let us see what are the trims required for this style.
Labels: Woven main label (2.5 cm width x 7 cm length): Rs 0.35.
Polyester printed wash care label: Single colour print: Rs 0.10.
Hang tag: Rs 0.40
So the total cost of trims is Rs 0.85 per garment.
Cost of accessories:Polybags: Normal - Rs 0.30 per garment. Master Polybag: Rs 2 per master polybags to contain 8 garments - Rs 0.25 per garment.

Export carton: Normal: Rs 40 per carton to contain 48 garments - Rs 0.80 per garment.
So the total cost of accessories is Rs 1.35 per garment.Garment costing.
Now we at last have to take the step to find out the freight charges for the Men's Basic T-shirt.
Price of garment estimation is given in Table given below.

Shipping charges
For men's basic T-shirt, the delivery terms in the buyer enquiry as 'FOB'. So sea freight charges isnot added. But the local transport with the cost of garment has to be added. Finally, we have to convert the Indian rupee value to USD or Euro