Figure shows how the machine operates. The weft yarn, which is fed from cone 7, is drawn-off by
a feeding and measuring device 2 and then passes through a tension regulator 3 and a weft clamp
4. When the insertion has to take place, the weft clamp loosens its hold and the thread inserted
inside a nozzle 1 is struck by a jet of pressurized water and launched through the shed at high
speed. After the insertion has taken place, while the weft is hold flat by the threads which are
moved by the leno mechanisms 5, the thermal knives 14 enter into action on the launch side to cut
the weft, and on the opposite side to trim the fabric. A yarn clamping device 13 holds the weft
waste which is cut off by the right-handed thermal knife, while rotating gears arrange for its
removal (centre selvedge).
The water is conveyed by a pump 8, provided with a filter, the piston of which is controlled by a
cam 10 producing the phases of water suction from the container 9 and of water supply to nozzle 1.
The sequence of the launch phases is the following: the pump 8 enters into action and the initial
water jet serves only to straighten the residual small piece of weft, from nozzle 1 to thermal knife
14. This action, which has a duration time varying from 5 to 30 rotation degrees of the main shaft,
depends on the yarn count and is named guide angle. The yarn flight forms a so-called flight angle,
leaving clamp 4 open to permit to the pressurized water jet to insert the weft thread into the shed.
The clamp opening time varies according to reed width and to loom running speed. On yarn exit
from the shed, there is an electrical feeler or an infrared sensor which checks the presence of the
weft end and makes the machine to stop in case of absence of the weft.
A drying device removes the humidity absorbed by the fabric, sucking it through grooves
produced in the front beam 6 of the machine. A maximum of two weft colours can be inserted
(weft mixer).