Woven Fabric Construction

Various Forms of Fabric Construction

The major classifications of fabric constructions are…

• Woven Fabrics: The weaving of fabrics consists of interlacing systems of yarn. By varying the interlacing, a wide variety of different fabric constructions can be made.
• Knitted Fabrics: Fabrics can be constructed from one or more continuous yarns by the formation of a series of interconnected loops. Knitting tough a complex form, is one type of looping construction, Crochet is another.
• Non-Woven: Masses of fibers can be held together into a fabric by the interlocking of fibers by mechanical action or by fusing fibers together with heat, adhesive or chemicals. Examples of a few fabrics constructed by these means include felt, bark cloth, spun lace, spun bonded and needle-punched fabrics and bonded webs.
• Knotted Fabrics: Some fabrics are created by knotting yarns together. Lace, nets, macramé, and tatting are produce by knotting.
• Braided Fabrics: Fabrics may be created by plaiting together yarns or strips of fabrics. The components are interlaced in a diagonal pattern over under one another to form a flat or tubular fabric of relatively narrow width.
• Net
  They are open-mesh fabrics with geometrical shapes. These yarns may be knotted at the point of intersection, commonly for mosquito nets.
• Laces
  Yarns are crisscrossed to create intricate designs. Yarns may be inter-looped, interlaced or knotted to give open-mesh structure. Beautiful decorative designs can be created through lace making. Laces are very important trimmings that are used to decorate a garment.
• Films: Since films are not considered to be true textiles. They are sometimes laminated to textiles. They are sometimes laminated to textiles and therefore may be part of the structure of some textile products. They are synthetic polymers extruded in the form of sheets rather than as fibers. In some cases, these films are eventually made into a fibrous form by a process called fibrillation or by cutting the sheet into fibers.
• Stitch-Through Fabrics: Stitch through or stitch bonding is a relatively new technique for constructing fabrics in which two sets of yarns or masses of fibers are stitched together into a fabric structure by another set of yarns.
• Textile Composites: These materials generally consist of one or more textile components impregnated with or embedded in a resin matrix. Textile composites are generally used for high technology products for industry, the military, and aerospace.