Word “denim” comes from fabric “serge de Nimes” made in France city of Nimes from where it originates. It has been used in America since the late 18th century, colored blue with indigo dye to make blue “jeans”, a type of cotton pants.
Warp preparation methods/processes and finishing of Denim fabrics Processes
| Warp (ends/cm) | Weft (ends/cm) | Warp | Tex | Weft | Tex | Weave |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | 16 | 7 | 84 | 6 | 98 | 3/1 |
| 25 | 16 | 7 | 84 | 6 | 98 | |
| 24 | 16 | 7 | 84 | 5.5 | 107 | |
| 20.8 | 15.5 | 7.4 | 80 | 6 | 98 | |
| 27 | 19 | 7.5 | 78 | 6.7 | 88 | |
| 24 | 17 | 7 | 84 | 6 | 98 | |
| 23 | 15 | 11 | 8.5 | 11.8 | 50 | |
| 23 | 16.5 | 7 | 84 | 7 | 84 | |
| 24.6 | 16.5 | 6 | 98 | 7 | 84 | |
| 30 | 18 | 8.6 | 71 | 7 | 84 | |
| 25 | 26 | 7 | 84 | 5.5 | 107 | |
| 26 | 21 | 11.8 | 50 | 11.8 | 50 | |
| 22.8 | 16.5 | 6.7 | 88 | 6.7 | 88 | |
| 25 | 18 | 7 | 84 | 7 | 84 | |
| 27 | 18 | 7 | 84 | 5.5 | 107 | |
| Table-1: Weave twill 3/1 Z – 3/1 Denim Fabric Construction | ||||||
Table-2: Chambray Fabrics – Weave Plain or 2/1
| Warp | Weft | Warp | Tex | Weft | Tex | Weave |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 | 20 | 24 | 25 | 24 | 25 | 1/1 |
| 27 | 16 | 24 | 25 | 24 | 25 | 1/1 |
| 21 | 12 | 12 | 49 | 12 | 49 | 1/1 |
| 23 | 16 | 12 | 49 | 14 | 42 | 1/1 |
| 25 | 15 | 9 | 66 | 7 | 84 | ½ |
| 23.3 | 16 | 16 | 37 | 12 | 50 | ½ |
| 25 | 16 | 16 | 37 | 16 | 37 | ½ |
| 25 | 15 | 9 | 66 | 12 | 50 | 1/1 |
| 23 | 19 | 20 | 30 | 20 | 30 | 1/1 |
| Table-2: Chambray Fabrics – Weave Plain or 2/1 | ||||||
Denim with Stripes
Natural Indigo Blue Dye Origin Dying Procedures Technology and Dye Recipes for Denim Fabrics
Natural INDIGO Dye – THE KING OF NATURAL DYES
Denim Fabric Weaving – Manufacturing Process, Methods, and technologies
Manufacturing process of Denim Fabrics
Fancy Fabric Woven or Dobby
Multicolor WM and Warp beam in high pos
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Indigo continuous dying
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Ball warping, Continuous cable dying unit, Long-chain beamer, Sizing department, weaving machines, Cloth inspection, sanforizing.
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Indigo dye sizing
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, Dye sizing machine, weaving machines, Cloth inspection machine, Sanforizing.
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Naphthol sizing bottoming
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, warp sizing machine, weaving machines, cloth inspection machines Finishing, development, post-treatment, Sanforizing.
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Nephthalinide bottoming
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, warp sizing machine, weaving machines, cloth inspection machines Finishing, development, post-treatment, Sanforizing.
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Cuprophenyl bottoming
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, warp sizing machine, weaving machines, cloth inspection machines Finishing, development, post-treatment, Sanforizing.
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Rapidogen continuous dye sizing
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, Sizing machine with dye development action, weaving machines, cloth inspection, sanforizing
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Naphthol-AS continuous dye-sizing
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, Sizing machine with dye development action, weaving machines, cloth inspection, sanforizing
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Hydron Blue continuous dye sizing
Use Ring spun yarns, open-end yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, Sizing machine with dye development action, weaving machines, cloth inspection, sanforizing
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Beam dying
Use Ring spun yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, sizing machine, weaving machines, cloth inspection, sanforizing
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Cone dying
Use Ring spun yarns, winding on cross-wound packages, dying cross-wound packages, Sectional warping machine, sizing machine, weaving machines, cloth inspection, sanforizing
| Range | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Rope |
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| Slasher |
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| Loop |
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| Table-3: Comparison between ranges | ||
Acknowledgment: Technical and technological Facts in this write up has been selected from various reliable sources