Denim is a quality product and is multipurpose it can be used as a garment and clothing as well as package or covering. It’s a diverse material with multiple types each with a unique quality. Denim has a lot of scopes and if used consciously can create a great scope for humanity. One of the best ways to shop in a sustainable way is to do so within the circular economy, prolonging the life of garments and keeping them out of landfills that much longer. Also since denim is a durable fabric hence, we can easily upcycle denim.
BOWING in the Fabric
Excessing bowing in grey fabric: Warp tension is also a very important factor. In normal practice, the warper does not change the warping creel tension for every warp count, he changes tension only when the warp count increases or decrease highly from the previous warp count. This problem mainly occurs due to faults in the weaver’s beam. This kind of situation can reflect in the beams to be manufactured on the sectional warping machine as well as the direct warping machine. When the warping of the beam is done on the sectional warping machine, then the warper needs to be careful about the selection of required cone height or warping drum traverse speed according to warp beam parameters.
The bowing is a fabric defect. When the weft yarn in the fabric gets displaced from a line perpendicular to the fabric selvedge and this weft displacement forms one or more arcs across the width of the fabric. When weft yarns are even at two edges but arched across the middle is known as Bow. Bowing is a condition in the woven fabric where filling yarns are displaced from a line perpendicular to the selvedges and lie in an arc across the width of the fabric. Bowing appears as rows of courses or yarn-dyed stripes forming a bow-shaped curvature along the fabric width.
Description of the modern machines used for Thermo Stretch Stretcher and Weft Straightener
- The Thermo Stretch stretcher is a modified hot flue with reinforced and adjustable rolls with a diameter of 180 millimetres (mm). The stretcher can be heated and the fabric moisture at the exit is regulated to suit the shrinkage process.
- With their differently controlled speeds V1 and V2, the two tension rolls determine the longitudinal tension in the fabric, and hence the reduction in width monitored and controlled by the Pleva SD 1 camera. The camera also measures the weft thread position, and monitors and controls the skew by skewing on side of the roll package in the Thermo Stretch stretcher.
As the Thermo Stretch has a large number of guide rolls and can also be heated, the damp fabric can be stretched with a longitudinal tension of 200-300 N, instead of 4000 N as in the past.
The skewing of the rolls is adjusted in millimetres — rather than in centimetres as in the past — resulting increase-free the running of the fabric. The warm and damp stretching process requires far less force, making it gentler on the fabric and resulting in a better fabric appearance. Furthermore, the residual moisture in the fabric is measured and controlled so that it arrives at the actual shrinkage process with a controlled and constant moisture content.
The benefits of these innovations are:
- Greatly reduced stretching forces;
- Extremely low load on the fabric during the stretching process;
- Skewing of the rolls in millimetres rather than in centimetres;
- No creasing of the fabric during the passage;
- Skewing takes place in a large number of small individual steps;
- Higher production speeds on Eco Applicator ranges;
- More precise residual moisture measurement and control upline of the rubber calendar;
- A wider range of possibilities for fabric treatment; and
- Remarkable differences in the fabric quality by comparison with competitors’ products thanks to innovations and modern technologies.
The Eco versions offer the user the following benefits:
- More controllable process;
- Better fabric quality;
- Less steam energy;
- Less electrical energy;
- Lower water consumption
- Fewer chemicals used; and
- Overall Lower costs per running meter.
Improvements in Denim — There are major aspects in which the innovation and development can be done in the Denim, comfort performance and environment friendly can be achieved in the different processes of manufacturing denim. Comfort and fit are very important aspects of denim garments. So, a lot of research has been done to make stretch denim.
The use of denim for fashion articles is one of the biggest successes of all time, and the ability of denim to keep pace with the requirements of the fashion industry is due to innovations in textile finishing. BASF produces a range of products for pre-treating, dyeing, coating, printing and washing denim fabrics and the yarns used to produce them. Research is in progress to produce fabrics that regulate body temperature and that stay clean. DyStar produces indigo dyes for dyeing the warp yarn of denim fabrics. The Italian company Master produces equipment for finishing denim, including the Indigoflow continuous dyeing machine for dyeing the warp yarn.
Elastane fibres are incorporated into the fabric. Lycra and Spandex are used in weft yarn. Ring and open-end core-spun yarns are also used in denim to provide stretch property. Elastic ply yarns produced on TFO are also used to make stretch denim fabrics. Apart from the multi-component, Bi-component synthetic filament yarns are also used to provide stretch.