Blowroom & Carding
Total waste is the easy number. How much of it is good fibre is the expensive one.
— %
Bale feed that actually reaches the card
Invisible loss is the entry that closes the books and the one with no scale under it — it is inferred as the difference between what was fed and what was collected, so every weighing error in the other four terms accumulates there. An invisible loss above about 1% usually means a leaking duct, an uncounted droppings point or a moisture change between bale store and card, not fibre that vanished. Waste percentages are meaningful only against a stated trash content in the mixing: a 4.9% total on a 6% trash cotton is a different line from the same 4.9% on a 2.5% cotton, and comparing the two is the most common mistake made with this figure. The reclaim value assumes reprocessed fibre re-enters at full lint price, which it does not — recovered blowroom droppings are shorter and dirtier than the original, so they belong in a coarser count, and the honest figure sits below what is printed here.
Blowroom Mass-Flow & Waste Balance — free, with the formula and a worked example, at Textile School.