Design Protection
Two unrelated eight-colour designs already agree on an eighth of their pixels. Only the excess over chance carries information.
— %
Share of repeat pixels that agree
This compares two repeats already aligned to the same grid, and getting them there is the hard part rather than a preliminary — repeats must be registered, scaled, rotated and colour-reduced consistently before a pixel comparison means anything, and a design copied at a different scale or with shifted registration can be a deliberate copy while scoring near chance here. The chance model assumes colours are used with equal frequency, which real designs do not do, so a pattern dominated by one ground colour inflates both the chance rate and the raw match. **Mathematical similarity is not legal infringement.** Infringement turns on substantial similarity, access, originality and jurisdiction, and is a question for qualified legal advice; this provides one quantitative input to that assessment and settles nothing by itself.
Jacquard Pattern Repeat Matrix Match Validator — free, with the formula and a worked example, at Textile School.