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Acrylic fibres are polymers formed by addition polymerization of at least 85% by weight of a chemical called acrylonitrile or vinyl chanide. To polymerise vinyl cyanide the double bond between the first two carbon atoms is broken and the molecules attach themselves to each other in a linear chain.
Polyesters are those fibers containing at least 85% of a polymeric ester of a substituted aromatic carboxylic acid including but not restricted to terephthalic acid and f-hydroxybenzoic acid.
The polyamide fibers include the nylons and the Aramid fibers. Both fiber types are formed from polymers of long-chain polyamides.
Manmade protein fibers represent a promising and sustainable future for the textile industry. Their biodegradability, comfort, and versatility make them an attractive choice for eco-conscious consumers and businesses. As research and technology continue to advance, manmade protein fibers are likely to play a more significant role in creating textiles that are both environmentally friendly and high-performing. These fibers are a testament to the industry’s commitment to innovation and sustainability in the pursuit of a greener future. Manmade protein fibers are produced by dissolving proteins like casein from milk, soya bean protein, and zein from corn in diluted alkali and forcing these solutions through a spinneret into an acid-formaldehyde coagulating bath.
The synthetic man-made fibers include the polyamides (nylon), polyesters, acrylics, polyolefin, vinyl, and elastomeric fibers, while the regenerated fibers include rayon, the cellulose acetates, the regenerated proteins, glass and rubber fibers
Certain natural cellulose fibers are treated and re-produced for specific purposes. The famous fibers such as Viscose Rayon, Acetate etc. are produced by processing various natural polymers.
Manmade fibers are used everywhere for apparel, fabrics, home furnishing, industrial equipments, medical equipments, fire blocking, filtering, auto industry etc.
Man-made fibers are fibers in which either the basic chemical units have been formed by chemical synthesis followed by fiber formation or the polymers from natural sources have been dissolved and regenerated after passage through a spinneret to form fibers. This fibre came to success when the researchers obtained a product by condensation of molecules presenting two reactive aminic groups with molecules characterised by two carboxylic reactive groups.