Warp Sheet Ends, count and the tension each one carries

Ends in the Warp

Tension per End cN

Warp Yarn Count tex

Yarn Tenacity cN/tex

Sized yarn, single-end test

Beam & Cloth Radii the torque acts on

Full Beam Diameter m

Empty Beam Barrel Diameter m

Fabric Width in Reed cm

Total Warp Sheet Tension

— N

What the let-off has to hold back

Torque, Swing & Loading

Tension Swing, Full to Empty: — %
Beam Torque at Full Diameter: — Nm
Beam Torque at Empty Barrel: — Nm
Torque Ratio: — x
Tension per End at Empty Beam: — cN
Specific Tension: — cN/tex
Fraction of Breaking Load Used: — %
Torque Change per cm of Diameter: — Nm/cm
Take-Up Load Across the Cloth: — N/cm

The tension swing assumes an uncompensated constant-torque let-off with the brake set at the mean radius, which is the worst case; compensated weight-lever mechanisms reduce it and electronic let-off with back-rest feedback removes it, so treat this figure as an upper bound unless the compensation is known to be correctly set. Tension per end is taken as uniform across the sheet, which it never is: ends at the selvedge and ends crossing a badly wound beam patch can carry substantially more, and the peak end tension rather than the mean is what breaks. Dynamic tension during beat-up peaks well above the static value calculated here - typically 20 to 40% higher at the moment of beat-up - so the fraction of breaking load quoted is a static figure and the instantaneous loading is worse. Yarn tenacity should be the sized single-end value at the actual test conditions, not the unsized figure from the spinning report.

Let-Off Torque, Warp Tension Swing & Take-Up Load — free, with the formula and a worked example, at Textile School.