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Flax is a filament fiber harvested from flax plants that when made into fabric, is called linen. Flax is the oldest fiber on record, first grown by the Egyptians having along the banks of the Nile. Other sources lay claim to the earliest usage of flax to be in the Stone Age. The term “linen” is often misused, being applied to fabrics that simply look like linen, or being used as a general term for sheets, towels, and tablecloths.
USTER® HVI is used for measurement of the most important cotton fiber properties of micronaire, fiber length (UHML), uniformity, short fiber index, strength, elongation, color, trash content, and degree of maturity.
The musk ox, also known as Ovibos moschatus, is an ancient species of arctic mammal currently found in remote areas of the far north, including Greenland, Alaska, Canada and Siberia. During the Pleistocene, musk ox wandered across the Bering Land Bridge to populate North America with the likes of the woolly mammoth, saber-toothed cat, and giant ground sloth. They provide us with Qiviut fiber.
Alpaca are woolly mammals related to camels and llamas. This herding animalslive in the western South Americain grasslands and scrub at altitudes from 12,800to 15,000 feet. Young alpaca are called crias.Alpacas have a lifespan of about 15 – 20+ years. Some alpacas make a humming sound; whining, grumbling, clucking, and other assorted sounds are used by alpacas to communicate. Spitting is used by alpacas, probably as a sign of dominance, fear, or warning.
A useful filament was not produced until the last part of the 19th century when Swann and de Chardonnet extruded a solution of cellulose nitrate (collodion) through small holes (spinnerets). These pioneer manmade fibers were replaced by rayon fibers which were spun from an alkaline cellulose xanthate solution (viscose), which were in turn supplemented by cellulose acetate and many synthetic fibers.
Manmade fibers are manufactured using different mechanical and chemical processes for example Synthetic fibers from thermoplastics are produced by extruding the molten plastic through extrusion dies (spinnerets) into a stream of cold air that cools and solidifies the plastic. (The operation is referred to as melt spinning.)
Each fiber types having its unique properties decide the usage of a particular type of fiber for a specific use.For example, Nylon is a synthetic fiber, known for its strength, elasticity, toughness, and resistance to abrasion has commercial applications including clothing and carpeting.Cotton fiber consists of a single long tubular cell. Its length is about 1200-1500 times than its breadth, used for making clothes. It has a wide variety of use in Apparel industry.
Blended yarns usually offer the best of several worlds i,e the breathability of wool or cotton, the durability of acrylic or nylon. Blends take dye differently and offer different color effects as well.Fiber blending has for a long time been practiced in textile processing. By mixing fibers of different types to form textile yarns, many advantages are achieved, such as property compensation or reinforcement between fibers, cost reduction without significant sacrifice of yarn performance.
Fibers are broadly classified into Filament yarns and Staple Yarns on the basis of their physical structure.Filament yarns are measured in yards or meters.
Sampling procedure of bales,No.of tests and critical difference % for various fiber properties