Explains origins, morphology, properties, and classification of textile fibers. Compares moisture regain, tensile behavior, thermal response, and sustainability profiles. Includes selection charts that link fiber choice to end-use performance and cost. This section explains practical decision criteria, typical test methods, and failure modes that matter in real production. Readers get checklists, calculation steps, and case examples connecting specifications to cost, reliability, and compliance. Links map core concepts to upstream inputs and downstream processes so choices remain consistent across sourcing, manufacturing, and end-use performance. Each article includes definitions, diagrams where helpful, and plain-language notes to help newcomers ramp quickly while giving experienced professionals the depth needed to troubleshoot and optimize. Standards references are cited with context, and whenever trade-offs exist, we make them explicit so you can defend decisions.
Manmade Fiber
The microscopic test is a technical test that involves identifying the fabric with the help of a microscope with a magnification of minimum 100 power. The test can easily distinguish between fibres.
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Manmade Fiber
Rayon is regenerated cellulose, called viscose in Europe: is it natural, how to wash it, bamboo rayon, modal and lyocell, how it is made and sourced data.
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Natural Fiber
The use and value of a fleece or lot of wool are affected almost as much by the distribution of the individual fiber diameters as the average fiber diameter or grade. The more uniform the individual fibers are in diameter, the more valuable.
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Natural Fiber
Certain qualities such as fineness, length, color, and appearance determine the end use and value of wool. Fineness largely determines whether the wool is used in a suit, sweater, blanket or in a pair of socks.
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Manmade Fiber
Polyester is a synthetic fibre spun from PET plastic: whether it breathes or shrinks, how it compares with cotton, how to wash it, and sourced fibre data.
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Manmade Fiber
Nylon does not absorb water – this is great for some uses, but also means that nylon fabric and movement combine to create static electricity.
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Natural Fiber
Wool is the protein fibre of the sheep fleece: why it is warm, felts and itches, its scales under a microscope, Merino grades, care and sourced fibre data.
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Natural Fiber
Linen is cloth woven from flax fibre: whether it breathes or shrinks, linen vs cotton, how to wash it, how flax is retted and spun, and sourced fibre data.
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Manmade Fiber
A useful filament was not produced until the last part of the 19th century when Swann and de Chardonnet extruded a solution of cellulose nitrate (collodion) through small holes (spinnerets). These pioneer manmade fibers were replaced by rayon fibers which were spun from an alkaline cellulose xanthate solution (viscose), which were in turn supplemented by cellulose acetate and many synthetic fibers.
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Manmade Fiber
Manmade fibers are manufactured using different mechanical and chemical processes for example Synthetic fibers from thermoplastics are produced by extruding the molten plastic through extrusion dies (spinnerets) into a stream of cold air that cools and solidifies the plastic. (The operation is referred to as melt spinning.)
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