Pashmina Wool Fibers
The Pashmina Shawls made with Golden Fibers of Cashmere Goats
Pashmina is another name for Cashmere is a downy undercoat of the Capra Hircus Laniger goats that mainly live in the Trans-Himalayan regions classified as speciality hair fibres which possess special qualities of fineness and lustre, which is used for making finest quality shawls and hijabs.
Properties of Pashmina Fibers
Properties common to all protein fibres
- Wool is one of the first fibres to be spun into yarns and woven into cloth.
- Resilience: Resist wrinkling, wrinkles hang out between wearings. Fabrics tend to hold their shape during wear.
- Hygroscopic: comfortable in cool. Moisture prevents brittleness in carpets.
- Weaker when wet: Handle carefully during washing. Wool loses about 40% of its strength when wet.
- Specific gravity: Fabrics feel lighter than cellulosics of the same thickness.
- Harmed by alkalies: Use natural or slightly alkaline soap or detergent. Perspiration weakens the fibre.
- Harmed by oxidizing agents: Chlorine bleaches damage fibre so should not be used.
- Harmed by dry heat: Wool becomes harsh and brittle and scorches easily with dry heat.
- Flame resistant: Does not burn readily, are self-extinguishing, have the odour of burning hair and form black crushable ash.
- Wool Grading: Grading and sorting are two marketing operations that put wool of like character together. In grading the wool fleece is judged for fineness and length. Each fleece contains more than one quality of wool. In sorting the individual fleece is pulled apart into sections of different- quality fibres.
What is Pashmina commercial grade A?
A fine protein animal fibre with a fineness of fewer than 13 microns, and Very Soft, Exotically Delicate, Weightless and natural Insulating Fibre of the World Extracted from Inner Coats of Chyangra Goats.
Making Steps of Pashmina Wool, Cleaning & Storage of Pashmina Fibre & Also Displaying Export Figures of Pashmina Wool.
Carbon Fibre – strong, stiff, & light weight fibres
Properties, process, history, and application of carbon fibres
Linen Fiber and Linen Fabrics from the Flax Plants
Cellulose, bast fibers from flax plants - one of the oldest known natural fibers
Natural silk – sourcing, usage, and application
Animal protein fiber, its source, usage, properties, fabric care, and application
Kashmir Handmade Pashmina Promotion Trust (KHPPT) Is Working for Welfare of Pashmina Producers. Exceptionally warm wool, the most refined version of cashmere products and is considered better or similar to cashmere made from the undercoat of domestic Himalayan goats. Studies were carried out on pure pashmina fibres and procedure followed was as follows.
Source of Raw Material
The commercial grade-A Changthangi Pashmina utilized for the present study was procured from “All Changthangi Pashmina Growers Association, Leh Ladakh”. The bulk samples were taken from different bales of Pashmina collected from different areas at random.
Sampling
Samples were taken from raw Pashmina by Zoning and Halving method for analysis. The raw Pashmina lot was spread on a table and was uniformly mixed. The mixed lot was approximately divided into two halves. Out of two halves, one half was discarded. The other half was again thoroughly mixed uniformly and further divided into two halves. One part was again discarded. The method was repeated several times, till a requisite quantity of test sample was obtained and test results are
| Type of Fibre | Weight/ Weight (%) | Range (%) | Number/ Number (%) | Range (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Undercoat | 76.01±0.32 | 58.22-80.38 | 87.52±1.12 | 78.90-52.03 |
| Guard Hair | 23.99±0.98 | 20.4-40.12 | 13.48±1.10 | 20.38-45.25 |
| Table-1: Mean ± S.E. Percentage of Fine and Guard Hairs in Raw Pashmina | ||||
| Type of Fibre | Fibre Diameter (μ) | Range (μ) | Fibre Length (mm) | Range (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fine Pashmina | 12.25±0.11 | 11.08-13.1 | 49.04±0.19 | 46.03-52.03 |
| Guard Hair | 67.77±1.08 | 60.09-74.12 | 80.07±0.15 | 78.02-83.06 |
| Table-2: Mean ± S.E. of Physical Properties of Pashmina Fibre | ||||
| Parameter | Mean±S.E. | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Tex (g/km) | 0.33±0.17 | 0.27-0.52 |
| Breaking load (g.wt/tex) | 3.0±0.01 | 2.0-6.2 |
| Elongation (%) | 30.33±1.23 | 20.5-42.9 |
| Tenacity (g/tex) | 7.60±0.98 | 5.3-14.21 |
| Table-3: Mechanical Properties of Fine Pashmina Fibre | ||
| Parameter | Mean±S.E. | Range |
|---|---|---|
| Compressibility (%) | 50.3±2.57 (7.27) | 43.48-60.34 |
| Compressional Resiliency (%) | 45.10±1.32 (11.34) | 42.21-50.96 |
| Table-4: Compression Properties of Fine Pashmina Fibre | ||
The fibre of Pashmina is Cashmere wool, which is manually transformed into luxury shawls and scarves. It is most luxurious, softer and warmer than superfine merino wool. The word pashmina is originated from a word ‘pashm’ means ‘soft gold’ in local language.
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